This property is a logical negation of the previous one. Tested feature is not included into an argument feature if it lies fully or partially outside the feature's inner region.
As in previous case, tested feature can be of any spatial category, and argument features are to be area, image or text.
On the figure 35-7, b no one of the tested features T1, T2, T3 is included in any of three argument features A1, A2, A3. In other words, the No Inclusion property is satisfied in this case for each tested feature with each of argument features.
For a line tested feature the No Inclusion property is satisfied if some segment of this feature lies outside the argument feature or on its boundary (see figure 35-8, b).
For a point feature the property is satisfied if this feature (to be more exact, its base point) lies outside the argument feature or on its boundary (see figure 35-9, b).
The number of argument features for which there is no inclusion of the tested feature is equal to the total number of argument features minus number of feature in which the tested feature is included.